VIDEO: PLANETA DE DIAMANT
Planeta de diamant este situată la o distanţă de aproximativ 4 000 de ani lumină de Terra. Astronomii cred că fascinanta planetă este probabil o reminiscenţă a unei stele de dimensiuni mari, care şi-a pierdut straturile exterioare în favoarea pulsarilor care orbitau în jurul său. În afară de carbon, planeta mai conţine rezerve mici de oxigen, hidrogen şi heliu. Planeta este putin mai mică decât Jupiter, dar datorită masei sale deosebite, are o densitate de 20 de ori mai mare.
Surse: Reuters si Descopera .ro
Astronomers discover planet made of diamond
An exotic planet that seems to be made of diamond racing around a tiny star in our galactic backyard in an undated image courtesy of Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne.
By Ben Hirschler
LONDON | Fri Aug 26, 2011
LONDON (Reuters) – Astronomers have spotted an exotic planet that seems to be made of diamond racing around a tiny star in our galactic backyard.
The new planet is far denser than any other known so far and consists largely of carbon. Because it is so dense, scientists calculate the carbon must be crystalline, so a large part of this strange world will effectively be diamond.
„The evolutionary history and amazing density of the planet all suggest it is comprised of carbon – i.e. a massive diamond orbiting a neutron star every two hours in an orbit so tight it would fit inside our own Sun,” said Matthew Bailes of Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne.
Lying 4,000 light years away, or around an eighth of the way towards the centre of the Milky Way from the Earth, the planet is probably the remnant of a once-massive star that has lost its outer layers to the so-called pulsar star it orbits.
Pulsars are tiny, dead neutron stars that are only around 20 kilometres (12.4 miles) in diameter and spin hundreds of times a second, emitting beams of radiation.
In the case of pulsar J1719-1438, the beams regularly sweep the Earth and have been monitored by telescopes in Australia, Britain and Hawaii, allowing astronomers to detect modulations due to the gravitational pull of its unseen companion planet.
The measurements suggest the planet, which orbits its star every two hours and 10 minutes, has slightly more mass than Jupiter but is 20 times as dense, Bailes and colleagues reported in the journal Science on Thursday.
In addition to carbon, the new planet is also likely to contain oxygen, which may be more prevalent at the surface and is probably increasingly rare towards the carbon-rich centre.
Its high density suggests the lighter elements of hydrogen and helium, which are the main constituents of gas giants like Jupiter, are not present.
Just what this weird diamond world is actually like close up, however, is a mystery.
„In terms of what it would look like, I don’t know I could even speculate,” said Ben Stappers of the University of Manchester. „I don’t imagine that a picture of a very shiny object is what we’re looking at here.”
(Reporting by Ben Hirschler; Editing by Sophie Hares)
Existenta Stelei din Bethleem, cea care potrivit Bibliei i-a condus cei trei magi la locul naşterii lui Isus, poate fi susţinuta de ştiinţă, afirma un astronom britanic. Star of Bethlehem may have been caused by movement of planet Jupiter, scientist claims
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVJfAAgiil8&feature=related
Aparitia Stelei din Bethleem ar fi putut avea drept cauza mişcarea planetei Jupiter, susţine un om de ştiinţă.Existenta Stelei din Bethleem, cea care potrivit Bibliei i-a condus cei trei magi la locul naşterii lui Isus, poate fi susţinuta de ştiinţă, afirma un astronom britanic.
Mark Thompson,membru al Societatii Regale de Astronomie şi redactor la BBC One Show, a efectuat cercetări care, spune el, pot explica relatarea din Evanghelia după Matei despre steaua care a condus Magii la Betleem.
Apeland la simulari pe calculator care au reprodus poziţia stelelor şi planetelor asa cum se situau in momentul în care Isus s-a născut, domnul Thompson a ajuns la concluzia ca nu a fost vorba de un eveniment astronomic neobişnuit.
Mark Thompson, membru al Societatii Regale de Astronomie din Marea Britanie, crede ca istorisirea despre steaua care i-a calauzit pe magi spre locul nasterii lui Iisus Hristos ar avea la baza un eveniment ceresc rar, observat de astrologii vremii si intepretat de ei in concordanta cu conceptiile dominante in cultura respectiva.Mark Thompson a utilizat consemnari istorice si simulari pe computer, pentru a deduce pozitia stelelor si a planetelor in jurul datei la care, prin traditie, se considera ca s-ar fi nascut Iisus.
Dupa afirmatiile lui, intre luna septembrie a anului 3 i. Hr. si luna mai a anului 2 i. Hr., au avut loc trei asa-numite conjunctii, ce au implicat planeta planeta Jupiter si steaua Regulus: cele doua corpuri ceresti au trecut la mica distanta unul de celalalt.Jupiter a depasit steaua Regulus, miscandu-se spre est, ca de obicei, insa, ulterior, a parut ca isi schimba directia, mergand spre vest, pentru ca apoi, printr-o noua schimbare (aparenta) de directie, sa se indrepte iar spre es, trecand, pentru a treia oara, pe langa Regulus.
Cele trei conjunctii (care au avut loc la 14 september 3 i. Hr., 17 februarie 2 i. Hr. and 8 mai 2 i. Hr.) s-a datorat unui fenomen numit miscare retrograda: schimbarea de directie (care este numai aparenta, fiind vazuta astfel de catre observatorii de pe pamant, deoarece, in realitate, planeta nu-si schimba traiectoria) a planetei Jupiter.
Aparenta schimbare de directie se explica prin faptul ca planetele mai indepartate de Soare din sistemul nostru solar se rotesc in jurul Soarelui pe traiectorii mai lungi; ritmul miscarii de revolutie e mai lent, astfel incat Pamantul le depaseste, din cand in cand.
Unii cercetatori cred ca magii ar fi fost preotizoroastrieni, renumiti la vremea respectiva pentru priceperea lor in astrologie (care pe atunci , nu era o stiinta distincta de astronomie).
In traditia lor, Jupiter (cea mai mare planeta din sistemul nostru solar) era un „rege al planetelor”, iar Regulus (cea mai stralucitoare stea din constelatia Leului), un „rege printre stele”, astfel incat conjunctia repetata a acestor doi „regi” ai corpurilor ceresti ar fi putut fi interpretata ca o prevestire a nasterii unui nou si puternic rege pe Pamant.

Star of Bethlehem may have been caused by movement of planet Jupiter, scientist claims
Mark Thompson,a fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society, and Astronomy Presenter on BBC’s The One Show, has conducted research that he says can explain the story, told in the Gospel of Matthew, about the star leading the travellers to Bethlehem.
Using historical records and computer simulations that allow the position of the stars and planets to be charted back to around the time when Jesus is believed to have been born, Mr Thompson claims there was an unusual astronomical event.
He said that between September 3BC and May 2BC there were three „conjunctions” where the planet Jupiter and a star called Regulus passed close to each other in the night sky.
The planet passed Regulus traveling first in its usual easterly movement, before then appeared to reverse and pass it again in a westerly direction and then changing direction once more to resume its normal direction to the east to pass the star for a third time.
Mr Thompson, who is due to present the BBC’s new astronomy programme Stargazing Live with Professor Brian Cox, said: „The Three Wise Men were believed by some to be zoroastrianist priests, who were renowned astrologers at the time, so the king of planets passing so close to the king of stars on three occasions would have been hugely significant and could have been interpreted as the birth of a new king.
„Interestingly, in the world of astrology Jupiter is considered to be the king of planets and Regulus, which is the brightest star in the constellation Leo, is considered to be the king of stars.”
There have been numerous theories put forward by astronomers in the past as scientific explanations of the Star of Bethlehem, including a comet, a supernova – where a star explodes and produces huge amounts of light – and a planet.
Mr Thompson said he looked at „all the possibilities” before coming to his conclusion.
The three conjunctions, which took place on 14 September 3BC, 17 February 2BC and 8 May 2BC, were caused by an astronomical phenomenon called retrograde motion, in which a planet will appear to stop its normal eastward drift through the night and instead drift back towards the west for a period of several weeks.
This happens because the outer planets in our solar system are orbiting the sun at a slower rate than the Earth and so our planet occasionally overtakes them.
„The retrograde motion meant the planet was travelling in a westerly direction in the sky and so the [Three Wise Men] may have followed it from Persia,” Mr Thompson said.
„By camel it would have taken about three months and interestingly this is roughly about the same time Jupiter was travelling in this westward direction.”
He added: „It is not for me to actually say whether the Bible is right or wrong, I am just drawing on the facts in front of me.”
via: Telegraph u.k.
19 decembrie 2010
Imagini NASA redau fenomene misterioase din Univers
Găurile negre sunt considerate a fi cea mai densă stare a materiei şi există dovezi indirecte ale prezenţei lor în sisteme stelare binare , galaxii, quasari etc.
Alain Riazuelo, de la Institutul de astrofizica din Paris, a recreat in premiera impreuna cu colectivul de cercetatori din care face parte cu ajutorul unui computer ultraperformant, aspectul unei gauri negre. El a declara
„Aceasta este imaginea pe care ati vedea-o daca v-ati indrepta catre o gaura neagra. Nimic din ceea ce stiati nu va mai parea la fel. O gaura neagra are o forta gravitationala atat de puternica incat pana si lumina se curbeaza in jurul ei. Fiecare stea aflata in jurul unui astfel de gauri negre va avea nu una, ci doua imagini – cate una de fiecare parte a gaurii negre. Este cat se poate de evident ca forta uriasa poate curba spatiul, asa cum reiese si din imaginile generate pe computer”
Imaginea originală pe care gaura neagra a fost suprapusă este aproape la centrul de Marele Nor Magellanic (vezi imaginea de jos).
Deasupra lui putem vedea partea sudică a Caii Lactee cu, de la stânga la dreapta, Alpha şi Beta Centauri, Crucea Sudului, şi apoi imensul Argo Navis, acum împărţit în trei constelatii (de la stânga la dreapta, Carina, Vela şi Puppis ).
La dreapta a imaginii, cea mai stralucitoare la faţa locului este Sirius, din constelatia Canis Major. A doua Stea strălucitoare , aproape de LMC este Canopus. Cea mai strălucitoare stea din partea de jos a imaginii este Achenar.
O imagine stelei fantoma HD 49359, care domină această imagine este incercuita cu verde pe marginea găurii negre
Imaginea originală a Marelui Nor Magellanic pe care distorsiunile ipotetice cauzate de o gaură neagră ipotetic au fost suprapuse (verde)
Savantii francezi au folosit imagini reale, surprinse cu telescoape de mare putere, pe care au suprapus aparitia unei ipotetice gauri negre. Este pentru prima data cand un astfel de fenomen este explicat si prezentat in imagini atat de clare.
Read more: dailymail.co.uk